The Ultimate Performance and Body Fat Composition Panel
FDX 202
The Ultimate Performance and Body Fat Composition Panel
FDX 202
This is a very comprehensive panel, designed specifically for people struggling to lose weight which identifies the status of over 120 biomarkers including hormones like leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, IGF – 1, steroid hormones, essential fatty acids, key minerals such as Zinc, Magnesium, Copper and Selenium plus key vitamins like vitamin B12, C and D, also markers to assess thyroid, iron status, blood sugar management, cardiovascular health, liver & kidney function and a lot more.
After several years of studying fat loss & blood chemistry analysis this is the most comprehensive blood panel ever designed for fat loss.
If you are struggling with your weight then the ultimate fat loss panel will help identify why. There are so many reasons that drive obesity today and it can be very individual for example one person’s obesity could be through hormonal imbalances and poor digestive health, another person through nutrient deficiencies & toxic overload and another person obesity could be due to simply not eating enough protein at each meal which signals the brain to eat more food until the protein requirements are met which often means over eating.
You will also be surprised to hear that the brain is the ONLY organ in the body that determines our body weight and one of the most important hormones involved in keeping the brain informed how much fat we are carrying is leptin. When leptin is working correctly it ensures you don’t gain excess body fat. It does this by speeding up our metabolism to burn off any excess fat that we may store. Unfortunately, many things can interfere with how leptin communicates with the brain and you can end up having leptin resistance and this will drive weight gain along with appetite even if you are grossly overweight the brain still thinks you are starving and also crushes your metabolism at the same time.
The ultimate fat loss panel is absolutely the most analytical panel for not only finding out why you are not losing weight but will also ensure what will be the most effective ways that you can do to lose weight safely, effectively & long term.

£999.00
Suitable for:
- Those with weight concerns looking for a comprehensive review of their health status
- Those who are struggling to lose fat, looking to identify areas of dysfunction contributing to their plateau
- Those with weight concerns or complications and conditions or symptoms that require a comprehensive investigation
- Those with weight concerns or complications looking to identify current and future health risks
Key Biomarkers
Key Biomarker
IGF-1
Similar in structure to insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 plays a prominent role in the regulation of immunity and inflammation, and an essential role in regulating endocrine growth and development. It works together with the growth hormone (GH) and stimulates the liver to produce IGF-1 which reproduces, and regenerates cells and promotes growth and development. Another important function is to strengthen tissues, thereby improving bone density and building muscle, and promoting healing.
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Fatty Acid Report
A measure of the ratio of fatty acids in the blood. This test and report are a measurement and report on the levels of omega 3, 6, 5, 7 and 9 fatty acids as well as saturated and trans along with ratios and indexes. Levels may indicate deficiencies, needs and excess, assessment for dietary malabsorption, as well as indicating inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Zinc Serum
Zinc is not stored in the body and dietary intake is essential. Zinc is involved in over 300 enzyme functions. Including the metabolism and function of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. As well involved in immune function, skin health and healing and senses of taste and smell amongst many. Levels are used to assess zinc status at a serum level, hydrochloric acid production, male fertility, inflammation, copper status amongst many.
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Magnesium Serum
A measure of magnesium in the blood. Mg is a mineral necessary for energy production, muscle contraction, nerve function, maintenance of strong bones, protein and carbohydrate metabolism and over 300 enzymatic processes in the body. It is obtained through the diet and is absorbed in the small intestine and colon. Levels may indicate a deficiency due to malabsorption or digestive disorders.
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Vitamin D3 (25 OH)
A measure of the level of 25 (OH) D in the blood. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, brain health and immune function. Levels may indicate a deficiency due to inadequate exposure to sunlight, genetics, insufficient dietary intake, or toxicity due to excessive supplementation; and can be associated with risks of Cancer, Hypertension, chronic pain and inflammation, Diabetes and Depression.
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Folate Red Cell
See Folate. Red cell folate is considered to be a measure for intracellular sufficiency.
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HBA1C
Haemoglobin A1C measures the amount of glucose that combines with Haemoglobin (glycosylation) over the life of the red blood cells i.e. approximately 90 days. Levels therefore can identify long term glucose management and control as well as Hypoglycaemia. Unlike a fasting glucose test this marker does require fasting.
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Insulin (fasting)
A fasting insulin test identifies the level of insulin after an 8 to 12 hour fast. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone released to manage the process of glucose being transported into the cells for energy production purposes. Levels are associated with Insulin resistance, Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, inflammation, Obesity, lipid management and risks of CVD.
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Fructosamine
A measure of glycated protein formed between glucose and albumin and is a marker for glucose control over the past 2 to 3 weeks. Levels may indicate blood sugar dysregulation.
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Magnesium Red cell
A more accurate measure of magnesium can be obtained via red blood cells which contain 2 – 3x more Mg than serum. Mg is a mineral necessary for energy production, muscle contraction, nerve function, maintenance of strong bones, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and over 300 enzymatic processes in the body. It is obtained through diet and is absorbed in the small intestine and colon. Levels may indicate deficiency due to malabsorption or gastrointestinal disorders.
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Red Blood Cell Zinc
Zinc is not stored in the body and dietary intake is essential. Zinc is involved in over 300 enzyme functions. Including the metabolism and function of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. As well involved in immune function, skin health and healing and senses of taste and smell amongst many. Levels are used to assess zinc status at Red Blood Cell level, hydrochloric acid production, male fertility, inflammation, copper status amongst many.
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Copper Serum
Used as a marker to identify skin health, mental health, toxicity esp. estrogen and clearance of, heart disease risk, diabetes bone loss and immune function. Used to assess copper sufficiency, inflammation and presence of inflammatory diseases, Levels used to assess needs for copper, zinc, anaemia, immune function, inflammatory conditions, PMS, pathogen infection, adrenal insufficiency.
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Vitamin C
A measure of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) in the serum. Vitamin C is obtained through diet and helps to maintain connective tissue, skin and bones. It is also a powerful antioxidant. Levels may indicate deficiency.
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Blood Chemistry
Blood Chemistry
Basophils %
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that alerts the body to infection by secreting immune substances that influence inflammation and coagulation. In tissues they are referred to as mast cells. These specialised immune cells play an important role in inflammation and prevention of clotting in inflamed tissues. Levels may indicate inflammation, intestinal parasites, infection, endocrine dysfunction or hypothyroidism.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Basophils No
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that alerts the body to infection by secreting immune substances that influence inflammation and coagulation. In tissues they are referred to as mast cells. These specialised immune cells play an important role in inflammation and prevention of clotting in inflamed tissues. Levels may indicate inflammation, intestinal parasites, infection, endocrine dysfunction, or hypothyroidism.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Eosinophils %
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that secretes important immune substances that influence the inflammatory response. These specialised immune cells are primarily involved in allergic reactions and in host defense against parasitic infection. Levels may indicate intestinal parasites, food/environmental allergies or sensitivities, chronic stress or atopic conditions.
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Eosinophils No
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that secretes important immune substances that influence the inflammatory response. These specialised immune cells are primarily involved in allergic reactions and in host defense against parasitic infection. Levels may indicate intestinal parasites, food/environmental allergies or sensitivities, chronic stress or atopic conditions.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Haematocrit
A measure of the percentage of blood volume that consists of red blood cells in a given percentage of centrifuged red blood. Levels may indicate dehydration, malabsorption, asthma, adrenal dysfunction, blood loss, gastric inflammation, thymus hypofunction, liver disease, hypothyroidism, or nutrient deficiencies or anaemia from iron, B12, Folate, B6, and need for Vitamin C.
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Haemoglobin
An iron-containing metalloprotein that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Levels may indicate anaemia from Iron, Copper, B6, Folate, dehydration, poor oxygen deliverability, adrenal dysfunction, blood loss, gastric inflammation, intestinal parasites, malabsorption.
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Lymphocytes %
A group of specialised immune cells consisting of B cells, T cells and NK cells that work together to defend the body against pathogens and cancer cells. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infection, inflammation, toxicity, oxidative stress, anaemia, hypothyroidism, asthma or chronic stress.
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Lymphocytes No
A group of specialised immune cells consisting of B cells, T cells and NK cells that work together to defend the body against pathogens and cancer cells. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infection, inflammation, toxicity, oxidative stress, anaemia, hypothyroidism, asthma or chronic stress.
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MCH – Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin
MCH is a measure of the average weight of haemoglobin per red blood cell. Levels may indicate hypochlorhydria, heavy metals, blood loss, anaemia, nutrient deficiencies or alcohol consumption, need for B12, Folate, B6, Iron, Vitamin C.
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MCHC – Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration
MCHC is a measure of the average concentration of haemoglobin in red blood cells. Levels may indicate hypochlorhydria, heavy metals, blood loss, anaemia, nutrient deficiencies or alcohol consumption. Need for B12, Folate, B6, Iron.
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MCV – Mean Corpuscular Volume
Mean Corpuscular Volume is an estimate of the average size (volume) of red blood cells. Levels may indicate hypochlorhydria, heavy metals, blood loss, anaemia, nutrient deficiencies or alcohol consumption. Need for B12, Folate, B6, Iron, Vitamin C.
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Monocytes %
Phagocytic cells that are part of the body’s second line of defense against infection. These are the precursor to macrophages. These specialised cells travel to the site of infection to destroy cancer cells, pathogens and remove dead cells or damaged tissue. Levels may indicate the late stages of an infection, intestinal parasites, liver dysfunction or BPH.
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Monocytes No
Phagocytic cells that are part of the body’s second line of defense against infection. These are the precursor to macrophages. These specialised cells travel to the site of infection to destroy cancer cells, pathogens and remove dead cells or damaged tissue. Levels may indicate the late stages of an infection, intestinal parasites, liver dysfunction or BPH.
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MPV (Mean Platelet Volume)
A measure of the average size of platelets in the blood. Levels may indicate increased platelet production, vascular disease, certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, aplastic anaemia or cytotoxic drug therapy.
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Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio
Used to identify viral and bacterial infection. Also used to identify inflammatory processes and metabolic dysfunctions occurring in the body.
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Neutrophils %
The most abundant white blood cell in the body responsible for neutralising pathogens via phagocytosis and unlike other granulocytes, can travel through tight junctions that line blood vessel walls to enter tissues. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infections, intestinal parasites, chronic stress or inflammation.
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Neutrophils No
The most abundant white blood cell in the body responsible for neutralising pathogens via phagocytosis and unlike other granulocytes, can travel through tight junctions that line blood vessel walls to enter tissues. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infections, intestinal parasites, chronic stress or inflammation.
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Platelets
Small, anucleated cell fragments involved in clotting, vascular integrity and vasoconstriction. Levels may indicate atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, heavy metals, infection, several types of anaemia, blood loss or certain cancers.
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RBC’s
A measure of the amount of RBC’s within the blood. RBC’s carry oxygen from the lungs to bodily tissues and transfer carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. Levels may indicate nutrient deficiencies including Vitamins C, B12 and folate, anaemia ie B12, iron, Folate, Copper, dehydration and stress.
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RDW
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a measure of the amount of variation in the size of red blood cells. Levels may indicate malabsorption, nutrient deficiencies including Iron, B12 and folate, anaemia, intestinal bleeding, inflammation.
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WBC’s
A measure of total white blood cells in the blood. White blood cells are specialised cells of the immune system that fight infection and defend against pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and parasites. They also produce antibodies and memory cells to create immunity against future infection. Levels can indicate chronic viral or bacterial infection. Pancreatic insufficiency, stress.
See full descriptionElectrolytes
Electrolytes
Bicarbonate
An estimation of acid-base balance in the blood. Bicarbonate helps to maintain electrical neutrality and plays an important role in transporting CO2 to the lungs and kidneys for excretion. Levels may indicate hypochlorhydria, digestive dysfunction, poor diet, metabolic alkalosis or acidosis, respiratory alkalosis or acidosis or Thiamine deficiency.
See full descriptionElectrolytes
Chloride
A negatively charged (anion) electrolyte located in extracellular fluid that is needed for stomach acid production, maintaining electrical neutrality and pH balance. Along with sodium, chloride helps to regulate normal levels of water in the body. Levels may indicate metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, adrenal hyperfunction / stress or hypochlorhydria.
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Potassium
The main cation electrolyte is located primarily in the intra-cellular fluid with only a small amount found in the plasma, though the relationship is proportionate. Potassium is involved in muscle contraction, nerve conduction, osmotic pressure, pH balance and cellular transport via the sodium-potassium pump. Levels may indicate cellular damage, adrenal dysfunction, tissue destruction acid base balance, insulin dysregulation, dehydration, kidney dysfunction or dehydration.
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Sodium
A positively charged (cation) electrolyte located primarily in the extracellular fluid necessary for muscle contraction, nutrient absorption, neurological functioning and maintaining pH balance and osmotic pressure. Levels may indicate adrenal dysfunction, kidney dysfunction or dehydration.
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Sodium Potassium Ratio
A measure of the ratio of sodium to potassium in the blood. Levels may indicate excessive sodium intake, poor diet, hypertension or cardiovascular disease, chronic or acute stress levels
See full descriptionEnzymes
Enzymes
Amylase
A digestive enzyme produced in the salivary glands and the pancreas that helps the body to digest and absorb carbohydrates. Levels may indicate pancreatic insufficiency, digestive dysfunction, pancreatitis.
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Lipase
A digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps the body to digest and absorb fats. Levels may indicate pancreatitis, pancreatic sufficiency, gallbladder dysfunction, kidney disease or peptic ulcers.
See full descriptionHormones
Hormones
Cortisol Serum am
Known as ‘the stress hormone’ this steroid hormone plays an essential role in helping the body respond to stress, and regulates a wide range of body processes, including metabolism and immune response. This test helps identify degrees of stress levels, diagnose adrenal glands dysfunction, and disorders such as underactive, or damaged adrenal glands due to insufficient or excessive cortisol production.
See full descriptionHormones
DHEA-sulphate
The hormone Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an important precursor to hormones such as the sex hormones progesterone, testosterone and the oestrogens. It is produced predominantly in the adrenal glands and is involved in the Fight or Flight stress response to resume a calm state after perceived danger/stress has passed. As the most abundant circulating steroid in the body, it has an influence on over 150 known repair functions in both the body and brain. Increased or decreased levels may…
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Dihydrotestosterone
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a male sex hormone (androgen). Androgens are endogenous steroid hormones consisting of DHEA, Androstenedione, Testosterone and DHT. DHT is the most potent hormone amongst the androgens because it is not converted to estrogen, it is considered to be a pure androgen. It is created from testosterone via the action of the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase and is produced in the prostate gland, adrenal glands, liver, brain, and hair follicles. Its action is related to the…
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Estradiol E2
Synthesised from cholesterol, this steroid hormone is produced in the ovaries of premenopausal women, where it acts as a powerful reproductive hormone and is highest during ovulation and lowest during menstruation. As the main hormone of the three naturally produced oestrogens, it is also produced in the testes of men, but in smaller amounts. In both sexes, oestradiol is made in significantly reduced amounts by the brain, fat tissue, and in the walls of the blood vessels.
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FSH
Controlled by hormones produced in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and ovaries or testes. FSH regulates various hormonal functions in men and women, where insufficient levels in either sex can give rise to infertility. It also controls oestrogen secretion, where it rises during the first half of the menstrual cycle, and decreases after ovulation. This test helps to identify irregular menstrual periods, as well as women who are struggling to get pregnant, going through menopause, or have…
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IGF-1
Similar in structure to insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 plays a prominent role in the regulation of immunity and inflammation, and an essential role in regulating endocrine growth and development. It works together with the growth hormone (GH) and stimulates the liver to produce IGF-1 which reproduces, and regenerates cells and promotes growth and development. Another important function is to strengthen tissues, thereby improving bone density and building muscle, and promoting healing.
See full descriptionHormones
LH
Luteinizing hormone – is one of the main hormones that plays a major role in controlling the reproductive system in both men and women. In men, LH signals the testes to produce testosterone, which in turn, stimulates sperm production. In women, LH performs different roles at different stages of the menstrual cycle. Initially to produce the female sex hormone estradiol. Latterly LH stimulates the production of progesterone, which is required to support the early stages of pregnancy, if…
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Parathyroid hormone
Released from the parathyroid glands, this hormone works with the hormone ‘calcitonin’, to help control calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood, and lower calcium levels when they get too high. It plays a crucial role in the breakdown and formation of bone.
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Progesterone
Progesterone is a steroid hormone released in the ovary. In women, it plays important roles in regulating the menstrual cycle and reproduction, by helping to prepare the body for pregnancy, and maintain the early stages of pregnancy. In men, progesterone is involved in the development of sperm, and is produced at a much lower level than in women. It can help diagnose a failing pregnancy, determine the cause of infertility, or diagnose the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding, as well as adrenal…
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Prolactin
Prolactin is a hormone produced in the pituitary gland, and plays a key role in fertility, reproduction, and the stimulation of breast milk production. It is also involved in regulating the immune system, suppressing the stress response, creating and activating new neurons, and stimulating motherly (maternal) behaviour. Men and non-pregnant women generally have low levels of prolactin. In women, prolactin tests help diagnose the causes of absent or irregular menstruation, spontaneous or…
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Sex Hormone Binding globulin
This protein is produced by the liver, controlled by sex hormones, thyroid hormones, insulin, and dietary factors and binds to sex hormones – testosterone, DHT (dihydrotestosterone), and oestrogen (estradiol). It helps transport them in the blood. SHBG levels, which change with age, vary between men and women, and can help control the levels of androgens and oestrogens in the body. It can help to determine testosterone levels in the blood, since around 40-60% of total testosterone is bound to…
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Testosterone Bioavailable Calc
Bioavailable testosterone levels, which peak in the early morning, represent the amount of free testosterone and the testosterone bound to albumin (but not SHBG). Unlike the over 50% of testosterone bound to SHBG which is strongly attached, testosterone bound to albumin is weakly attached and easily able to detach and become free testosterone. It is called “bioavailable” because it is easily “available” to be used by cells. All three types of testosterone (Total, Bioavailable and Free)…
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Testosterone Free Calc
Free testosterone (approximately 2-3%) is the portion of testosterone that is not bound to any proteins in the blood and is “free” to enter the cells and exert biological effects. 33-54% percent is weakly bound to albumin (called BIOAVAILABLE), with the rest bound to SHBG (44-65%).
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Testosterone Total
This test measures the amount of both testosterones bound to proteins (sex hormone-binding globulin and albumin) and free (not bound to any proteins) testosterone in the blood. Testosterone is a hormone mainly produced by the testes in men, or ovaries in women. Testosterone’s diverse range of effects on many different organs and tissues includes bone health building and maintaining muscle mass and strength; increasing lean body mass and fat loss; increasing red blood cell production; …
See full descriptionInflammation
Inflammation
CRP
A measure of a liver produced protein that increases with inflammation. It may also increase following infection, a heart attack, surgery or trauma. Levels may indicate acute inflammation, and diets with too much fat or high GI carbohydrates.
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ESR
The rate of sedimentation of red blood cells in anti-coagulated blood in one hour. Levels may indicate tissue destruction, inflammation, and may indicate in certain cases presence of pathogens.
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Fatty Acid Report
A measure of the ratio of fatty acids in the blood. This test and report are a measurement and report on the levels of omega 3, 6, 5, 7 and 9 fatty acids as well as saturated and trans along with ratios and indexes. Levels may indicate deficiencies, needs and excess, assessment for dietary malabsorption, as well as indicating inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk.
See full descriptionInflammation
Fibrinogen
A soluble liver produced protein that is broken down to produce fibrin which is necessary for clot formation. Levels may indicate hypercoagulation, inflammation, trauma, infections, cancer, cardiovascular disease or increased risk of stroke and liver function.
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Homocysteine
An amino acid produced through methionine metabolism. This methylation process involves Vitamins B6, B12 and folate as well as zinc and co-factors including magnesium and tri methyl glycine all required in the recycling of methionine to homocysteine and back again. Levels may indicate needs in these nutrients, oxidative stress or metabolic syndrome, risks of Alzheimer’s, CVD risks. Depression, dementia, Parkinson’s, oxidative stress, poor detoxification, IBD.
See full descriptionInflammation
HsCRP
A highly sensitive measure of CRP, a protein in the blood that increases with inflammation.
See full descriptionIron
Iron
Ferritin
A measure of the amount of iron stored in the body. The most sensitive test to assess iron deficiency. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, excess iron intake, inflammation, oxidative stress, liver dysfunction, excessive blood loss or iron deficiency anaemia.
See full descriptionIron
Iron
A measure of iron bound to transferrin and serum proteins. It represents 1/3 of the total iron binding capacity of transferrin. 70% of iron is bound to haemoglobin. On its own, it is a relatively poor marker of iron status. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, haemolytic anaemia, liver damage, hypochlorhydria, Vit B6 deficiency, poor iron intake or absorption, blood loss, chronic disease, pathogen infection, progesterone birth control pills.
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TIBC
An estimation of the iron-binding capacity of transferrin. Levels may indicate iron deficiency anaemia, internal blood loss, haemochromatosis, protein malnutrition or malabsorption, pregnancy, chronic infection, or liver dysfunction.
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Total Iron Binding Capacity
An estimation of the iron-binding capacity of transferrin. Levels may indicate iron deficiency anaemia, internal blood loss, haemochromatosis, protein malnutrition or malabsorption, pregnancy, chronic infection or liver dysfunction.
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Transferrin
A measure of the protein in the blood that binds to iron and transports it through the body. Levels may indicate iron deficiency anaemia, infection, protein malnutrition or malabsorption. Produced in the liver levels can indicate iron capacity, inflammation as well as liver function.
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Transferrin Saturation %
A measure of how much serum iron is bound to transferrin. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, nutrient deficiency anaemias, tissue inflammation, protein malnutrition or malabsorption.
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UIBC
A measure of the portion of iron binding sites on transferrin that are not occupied by iron. UIBC is often measured along with iron and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) to determine various iron disorders. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, poor iron intake, blood loss or pregnancy, hypochlorhydria, cobalamin deficiency.
See full descriptionKidney Function
Kidney Function
Creatinine
A byproduct generated from normal muscle metabolism through the action of creatine kinase on creatine the muscle fuel. It is filtered through the kidneys for excretion in the urine. Levels may indicate kidney dysfunction, dehydration, excessive muscle breakdown, increased muscle mass, prostate dysfunction, hyperthyroidism and potential methylation issues.
See full descriptionKidney Function
eGFR
A calculated estimate of kidney glomerular filtration rate function. Subject to age gender, race and creatinine levels in the blood. Levels may indicate kidney dysfunction.
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Urea
A waste product generated in the liver due to the breakdown of dietary protein; it is filtered through the kidneys for excretion in the urine. Levels may indicate dehydration, malabsorption, pancreatic insufficiency, hypochlorhydria, kidney dysfunction, high protein intake, fatty liver, catabolic stress (adrenal), inadequate protein intake or protein malabsorption, liver disease, also consider increased need to excrete ammonia and consider pathogens.
See full descriptionKidney Function
Urea / Creatinine Ratio
A measure of the ratio between BUN and Creatinine levels in the blood and is used to assess renal function.
See full descriptionLipids
Lipids
Apo B : Apo A1 ratio
Used a coronary biomarker. Levels are used to assess risks and trends to coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, CVD, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
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Apolipoprotein A1
Apo A is a constituent of HDL and assists in the binding of cholesterol and fats transport from blood vessels and cells preventing plaque formation. It has a role in cognitive function, in the immune system as an agent against pathogens and detoxifies bacterial toxins. Used as a predictor for CVD and inflammation.
See full descriptionLipids
Apolipoprotein B
Apolipoprotein B is the backbone of LDL, and is part of the delivery system to deliver cholesterol from the liver. A main contributor to atherosclerosis and heart disease. Linked to immune function and is a measure of CVD risk. Levels are linked with obesity, hypothyroidism, insulin resistance and diabetes. Risk factors also include Alzheimer’s, cognitive function, heart disease and possibly cancer.
See full descriptionLipids
Cholesterol Total
A steroid found in all cells and plasma. Cholesterol is an essential lipid that is obtained through diet and produced in the liver. It is essential for life but can be harmful if levels are too high. It helps to form cell membranes and is used in the production of hormones, vitamin D and bile salts. Levels may indicate oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, blood glucose dysregulation, poor thyroid function, magnesium deficiency, dehydration, liver or kidney dysfunction or familial…
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Cholesterol/HDL Ratio
A better marker to assess CVD risk than cholesterol in its own.
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HDL cholesterol
A measure of a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the bloodstream to the liver to be excreted in bile; HDL transports cholesterol to the adrenals, ovaries and testes where it is converted into steroid hormones. HDL is considered beneficial. Levels may indicate cardiovascular disease., autoimmune processes, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver etc.
See full descriptionLipids
LDL Cholesterol
A measure of a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the liver to various tissues in the body. Elevated levels can cause fatty deposits to accumulate in the arteries increasing the risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Levels are measured to assess risks of the aforementioned as well as metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and fatty liver.
See full descriptionLipids
Triglycerides
A type of lipid primarily obtained through diet and from the conversion of excess dietary calories into fat for storage. Levels may indicate excess CHO intake and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, biliary and liver dysfunction, autoimmune processes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, poor fat processing, hypo and hyper-thryoidism.
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Triglycerides / HDL ratio
Used in identifying trends to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes and risks of CVD.
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VLDL
A measure of a type of lipoprotein VLDL-C that is produced in the liver and carries triglycerides and cholesterol throughout the body. Elevated levels can cause fatty deposits to accumulate in the arteries increasing the risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Liver & Gallbladder
ALP
A zinc dependent enzyme, the major function of Alkaline Phosphatase, is to protect your intestinal tract against bacteria, aid in digestion, breakdown fats and some B vitamins, and promote bone formation. As its name suggests it depends on an alkaline environment and is found in all tissues in the human body, but mostly in bones, kidneys, liver, intestines, and placenta. Levels are used to assess zinc need, liver function, Vitamin C need or biliary obstruction as well as bone turnover.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
ALT
An enzyme found primarily in the liver, with small amounts in the heart, muscles, and kidneys. Levels may indicate liver disease, biliary issues, pancreatitis or alcoholism, fatty liver, need for B6.
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AST
An intracellular enzyme found primarily in the liver and heart and to a lesser extent in skeletal muscle, kidneys and lungs. It is released into the bloodstream due to cellular or tissue damage. Levels may indicate cardiovascular disease, liver disease, alcoholism, hypothyroidism, viral infection with EBV or CMV, muscle injury or acute pancreatitis, need for B6.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
AST:ALT Ratio
Assess liver function and progression of liver disease. Levels are used to assess Vitamin B6 sufficiency, liver dysfunction, muscle damage biliary obstruction, alcoholic liver disease, also consider hepatitis, insulin resistance, NAFLD.
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Bilirubin Direct
A measure of bilirubin that has been conjugated ie. made water soluble in the liver so it can be excreted in the bile. Levels may indicate liver dysfunction or biliary tract obstruction.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Bilirubin indirect
A measure of the protein (albumin) bound bilirubin that circulates in the blood on its way to the liver, from the breakdown of red blood cells Levels may indicate increased red blood cell destruction. (haemolysis) and Gilbert’s Syndrome.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Bilirubin Total
A marker comprising the total of direct (conjugated) and indirect bilirubin. Formed from the breakdown of haemoglobin from red blood cells at the spleen and bone marrow. May be elevated due to excess red blood cell destruction, liver dysfunction, oxidative stress bile duct obstruction, Gilbert’s Syndrome or zinc deficiency, oxidative stress, heavy metal load.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Gamma GT / GGT
An enzyme mainly found in the liver. Some production from kidney, prostate and pancreas, Levels may indicate liver or biliary obstruction, alcohol excessive use, Pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, need for Vitamin B6 and magnesium
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
LDH
LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) Measures the level of enzyme. LDH plays a part in energy (carbohydrate) production referring to the reversible lactate to pyruvate pathway. Levels can relate to issues with the 5 main tissues it is found in (see LDH Isoenzymes) and glycemic management,
See full descriptionMetabolic
Metabolic
Anion Gap
Represents the difference between the electrolyte cations (positive) and the anions (negative). Used for identifying needs for vitamin B1 and acid base states, indicates trends to metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.
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Creatine Kinase
Groups of enzymes that play a large role in energy production and found in tissues that use lots of energy i.e. heart, skeletal muscle and the brain. Levels are used to assess damage from the heart (MI), skeletal muscle damage and breakdown, brain damage, and muscle atrophy
See full descriptionMetabolic
Uric Acid
Produced as the end product of purine breakdown. It is predominantly excreted via the kidneys Failure to excrete or overproduction can be implicated in kidney stones and gout. Used in assessing risks of gout atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, arthritis, kidney function, intestinal permeability, methylation function, detoxification issues.
See full descriptionMinerals & Metals
Minerals & Metals
Aluminium Serum
The most abundant metal and in the earth’s crust. Widely used in manufacturing, health and beauty products including antiperspirants, and lipsticks as well as edible cake decorations and more. Exposure is common and excess is detrimental to health and wellbeing and long term exposure and overload to excretory processes can lead to increased levels and elevated risks of toxicity as well as increasing cognitive risks including Alzheimer’s and Dementia as well as associations with anaemia,…
See full descriptionMinerals & Metals
Calcium
45% of calcium is inactive and bound to albumin, of the rest 45% is free and active. The calcium test measures total calcium. Calcium an alkali earth metal is essential for muscle contraction, oocyte activations, bone and dental health, blood clotting, nerve impulse transmission, heartbeat regulation and intracellular fluid balance. Levels are used to assess calcium sufficiency, parathyroid function, hydrochloric acid, tissue cell damage, thyroid function, vitamin D sufficiency, Osteoporosis,…
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Calcium : Albumin ratio
Used to assess Vitamin D sufficiency, protein deficiency or loss, calcium insufficiency.
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Calcium : Phosphorous ratio
A determinant in the assessment of metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Can be used to identify trends to sympathetic or parasympathetic states.
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Copper Serum
Used as a marker to identify skin health, mental health, toxicity esp. estrogen and clearance of, heart disease risk, diabetes bone loss and immune function. Used to assess copper sufficiency, inflammation and presence of inflammatory diseases, Levels used to assess needs for copper, zinc, anaemia, immune function, inflammatory conditions, PMS, pathogen infection, adrenal insufficiency.
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Magnesium Red cell
A more accurate measure of magnesium can be obtained via red blood cells which contain 2 – 3x more Mg than serum. Mg is a mineral necessary for energy production, muscle contraction, nerve function, maintenance of strong bones, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and over 300 enzymatic processes in the body. It is obtained through diet and is absorbed in the small intestine and colon. Levels may indicate deficiency due to malabsorption or gastrointestinal disorders.
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Magnesium Serum
A measure of magnesium in the blood. Mg is a mineral necessary for energy production, muscle contraction, nerve function, maintenance of strong bones, protein and carbohydrate metabolism and over 300 enzymatic processes in the body. It is obtained through the diet and is absorbed in the small intestine and colon. Levels may indicate a deficiency due to malabsorption or digestive disorders.
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Phosphorus
A measure of inorganic phosphate in the blood. Phosphates combine with calcium to form bones and teeth, are required for nerve and muscle function, energy production and maintaining the body’s pH balance. Levels may indicate vit D toxicity or deficiency, hypoparathyroidism, kidney dysfunction. elevated insulin, high CHO intake, diarrhoea, poor protein digestion or malabsorption.
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Red Blood Cell Zinc
Zinc is not stored in the body and dietary intake is essential. Zinc is involved in over 300 enzyme functions. Including the metabolism and function of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. As well involved in immune function, skin health and healing and senses of taste and smell amongst many. Levels are used to assess zinc status at Red Blood Cell level, hydrochloric acid production, male fertility, inflammation, copper status amongst many.
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Selenium Serum
An essential micronutrient. As soils become depleted dietary intake has fallen, and the need to assess increases. Essential for thyroid T4 to T3 conversion, protects LDL from oxidation. Levels used to assess immune function, inflammation, heart disease risk and reproduction capacity esp. male fertility, Protective effect against some cancers.
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Zinc Serum
Zinc is not stored in the body and dietary intake is essential. Zinc is involved in over 300 enzyme functions. Including the metabolism and function of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. As well involved in immune function, skin health and healing and senses of taste and smell amongst many. Levels are used to assess zinc status at a serum level, hydrochloric acid production, male fertility, inflammation, copper status amongst many.
See full descriptionProteins
Proteins
Albumin
The most abundant plasma protein in serum produced by the liver. It contributes to plasma osmotic gradient, transports nutrients, hormones and other substances in the blood and is needed for tissue maintenance and repair. Levels may indicate dehydration, hydrochloric acid insufficiency, oxidative stress, free radical activity, Vitamin C need, infection, inflammation, liver, or kidney disease.
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Albumin/Globulin Ratio
A measure of the ratio of albumin to globulin in the blood. Levels may indicate dehydration, liver or kidney dysfunction, hypothyroidism, adrenal dysfunction, or immune activation, can also be considered in assessing a hyper coagulative state “sticky blood”.
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Ceruloplasmin
Copper transport protein binds 95% of circulating copper. Interacts with 120 other proteins. Is an acute phase protein and responds to inflammation and inflammatory diseases. Used to assess copper sufficiency, inflammation needs for copper, zinc, anaemia, toxicity, and immune function. Is also used as an Alzheimer’s risk marker, Parkinson’s, Iron status, obesity, and liver damage.
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Globulin
A plasma protein with different subtypes produced by the liver and immune system. Some transport nutrients and some, called Immunoglobulins, help to fight infection. Levels may indicate digestive inflammation, immune insufficiency, Gastritis, Cancer, liver damage, heavy metals, chemical toxicity, immune activation including parasites, elevated oestrogen, Haemolytic Anaemia.
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Total Protein
The sum of total proteins, ie. comprised of albumin and globulin totals in the blood. Levels may indicate dehydration, malnutrition, amino acid need, inflammatory conditions, hypochlorhydria, kidney or liver disease.
See full descriptionSugars
Sugars
ALT:AST ratio
To assist in the evaluation of trends to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Levels are used to indicate ageing, metabolic health, insulin resistance, NAFLD metabolic syndrome CVD risk and trends.
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C Peptide
A byproduct of proinsulin production by the pancreas. Proinsulin splits into Insulin and C-Peptide. Unlike Insulin which is cleared in a variable manner c-peptide is cleared at a constant rate making it a more dependable measure of Insulin production. Levels indicate how much Insulin is being produced and indicates blood sugar dysregulation including Type 1 and 2 diabetes.
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Estimated Average Glucose
A calculated value based on HbA1C values giving the average glucose reading over the past 60 to 90 days, it very useful to assist in the prediction of values over time
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Fructosamine
A measure of glycated protein formed between glucose and albumin and is a marker for glucose control over the past 2 to 3 weeks. Levels may indicate blood sugar dysregulation.
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Glucose
The main energy source of the body. Controlled by hormones including Insulin and Glucagon. Poorly controlled levels are associated with Diabetes, insulin resistance. Inflammatory processes including Metabolic Syndrome and Hypoglycaemia.
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HBA1C
Haemoglobin A1C measures the amount of glucose that combines with Haemoglobin (glycosylation) over the life of the red blood cells i.e. approximately 90 days. Levels therefore can identify long term glucose management and control as well as Hypoglycaemia. Unlike a fasting glucose test this marker does require fasting.
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Insulin (fasting)
A fasting insulin test identifies the level of insulin after an 8 to 12 hour fast. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone released to manage the process of glucose being transported into the cells for energy production purposes. Levels are associated with Insulin resistance, Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, inflammation, Obesity, lipid management and risks of CVD.
See full descriptionThyroid
Thyroid
Free t3
The portion of triiodothyronine (T3) that is not bound and represents approximately 10% of circulating T3 in the blood. T3 is converted from T4 and the majority occurs in the liver and kidneys. The conversion process is dependent on Selenium and bile levels. Levels can be used to assess Hypo and hyper thyroid status, T4 to T4 conversion efficacy, Selenium sufficiency, and Iodine sufficiency.
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Free t4
Less than 0.05% of Total Thyroxine (T4) is free or unbound. The hormone is made in the thyroid gland and is the precursor to T3. Production of T4 is dependent on levels of iodine, co factors like B6, Biopterin, Copper, Zinc, Vitamins B2, B3 and A. Considered by mainstream when combined with TSH to be the gold standard for assessing thyroid function., Levels are assessed to identify thyroid status (hypo and hyper), Iodine sufficiency as well as protein status and liver function.
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Total T3
Represents the total of free and bound T3 in the blood, represents approximately 90% of T3. A small percentage is made directly in the thyroid gland and rest predominantly made in the liver and kidney by the conversion of T4 to T3. Levels are used to determine T4 conversion syndrome, Euthyroid sick syndrome, Selenium and Iodine sufficiency and Hyperthyroidism.
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Total T4
Major thyroid hormone secreted by the thyroid gland and subject to appropriate levels of Biopterin, Vitamins B6, B2, A, B3 and C as well as sufficient Copper and Zinc. Total T4 represents over 99.5% of the total thyroid hormone available. Levels can help determine, thyroid status (hypo or hyper), Iodine sufficiency,
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TSH
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and levels are based on a negative feedback loop to signal to the thyroid gland whether to release more Thyroxine or stop releasing. Conventionally along with free T4 the combination is considered the gold standard for assessing thyroid status. Levels are also affected by heavy metal burdens including Aluminium.
See full descriptionVitamins
Vitamins
Active B12
Also known as holotranscobalamin also see Vitamin B12. Active B12 accounts for approximately 10 to 20% of total B12 levels. Considered to be a more sensitive marker than serum B12 as it degrades faster than serum B12 with a short life span making it a more sensitive indicator or B12 deficiency.
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Folate Red Cell
See Folate. Red cell folate is considered to be a measure for intracellular sufficiency.
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Folate Serum
A measure of the total amount of folate in the serum. Folate is needed to make red and white blood cells in the bone marrow, convert carbohydrates into energy, and produce DNA and RNA. Adequate intake is extremely important during periods of rapid growth such as pregnancy, infancy, and adolescence. Levels may indicate dietary insufficiency, malabsorption or anaemia, methylation status, anaemia. Consider links to biopterin pathways and links to neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin etc.
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Vitamin B12
A measure of the total amount of B12 in the serum. B12 is essential in methylation, important for the nervous system and for red blood cell production. Levels may indicate low dietary intake, malabsorption, Hypochlorhydria, autoimmunity, Anaemia or excessive alcohol intake
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Vitamin C
A measure of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) in the serum. Vitamin C is obtained through diet and helps to maintain connective tissue, skin and bones. It is also a powerful antioxidant. Levels may indicate deficiency.
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Vitamin D3 (25 OH)
A measure of the level of 25 (OH) D in the blood. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, brain health and immune function. Levels may indicate a deficiency due to inadequate exposure to sunlight, genetics, insufficient dietary intake, or toxicity due to excessive supplementation; and can be associated with risks of Cancer, Hypertension, chronic pain and inflammation, Diabetes and Depression.
See full descriptionTest guidelines: Fasting blood draw required in the morning.