Fundamental Blood Panel
FDX 201
Fundamental Blood Panel
FDX 201
A Fundamental Blood Panel for men and women.
Please note this panel is non-centrifuged. but does require a blood draw.

£299.00
Suitable for:
Key Biomarkers
Key Biomarker
TSH
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and levels are based on a negative feedback loop to signal to the thyroid gland whether to release more Thyroxine or stop releasing. Conventionally along with free T4 the combination is considered the gold standard for assessing thyroid status. Levels are also affected by heavy metal burdens including Aluminium.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Free t3
The portion of triiodothyronine (T3) that is not bound and represents approximately 10% of circulating T3 in the blood. T3 is converted from T4 and the majority occurs in the liver and kidneys. The conversion process is dependent on Selenium and bile levels. Levels can be used to assess Hypo and hyper thyroid status, T4 to T4 conversion efficacy, Selenium sufficiency, and Iodine sufficiency.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Cholesterol Total
A steroid found in all cells and plasma. Cholesterol is an essential lipid that is obtained through diet and produced in the liver. It is essential for life but can be harmful if levels are too high. It helps to form cell membranes and is used in the production of hormones, vitamin D and bile salts. Levels may indicate oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, blood glucose dysregulation, poor thyroid function, magnesium deficiency, dehydration, liver or kidney dysfunction or familial hypercholesterolemia., heavy metal load, adrenal sufficiency, gallbladder function.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
HDL cholesterol
A measure of a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the bloodstream to the liver to be excreted in bile; HDL transports cholesterol to the adrenals, ovaries and testes where it is converted into steroid hormones. HDL is considered beneficial. Levels may indicate cardiovascular disease., autoimmune processes, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver etc.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
LDL Cholesterol
A measure of a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the liver to various tissues in the body. Elevated levels can cause fatty deposits to accumulate in the arteries increasing the risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Levels are measured to assess risks of the aforementioned as well as metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and fatty liver.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Creatinine
A byproduct generated from normal muscle metabolism through the action of creatine kinase on creatine the muscle fuel. It is filtered through the kidneys for excretion in the urine. Levels may indicate kidney dysfunction, dehydration, excessive muscle breakdown, increased muscle mass, prostate dysfunction, hyperthyroidism and potential methylation issues.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
HBA1C
Haemoglobin A1C measures the amount of glucose that combines with Haemoglobin (glycosylation) over the life of the red blood cells i.e. approximately 90 days. Levels therefore can identify long term glucose management and control as well as Hypoglycaemia. Unlike a fasting glucose test this marker does require fasting.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Estradiol E2
Synthesised from cholesterol, this steroid hormone is produced in the ovaries of premenopausal women, where it acts as a powerful reproductive hormone and is highest during ovulation and lowest during menstruation. As the main hormone of the three naturally produced oestrogens, it is also produced in the testes of men, but in smaller amounts. In both sexes, oestradiol is made in significantly reduced amounts by the brain, fat tissue, and in the walls of the blood vessels.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Testosterone Total
This test measures the amount of both testosterones bound to proteins (sex hormone-binding globulin and albumin) and free (not bound to any proteins) testosterone in the blood. Testosterone is a hormone mainly produced by the testes in men, or ovaries in women. Testosterone’s diverse range of effects on many different organs and tissues includes bone health building and maintaining muscle mass and strength; increasing lean body mass and fat loss; increasing red blood cell production; improving libido and sexual function, increasing sperm production, regulating mood, brain function and memory.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Progesterone
Progesterone is a steroid hormone released in the ovary. In women, it plays important roles in regulating the menstrual cycle and reproduction, by helping to prepare the body for pregnancy, and maintain the early stages of pregnancy. In men, progesterone is involved in the development of sperm, and is produced at a much lower level than in women. It can help diagnose a failing pregnancy, determine the cause of infertility, or diagnose the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding, as well as adrenal diseases such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
FSH
Controlled by hormones produced in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and ovaries or testes. FSH regulates various hormonal functions in men and women, where insufficient levels in either sex can give rise to infertility. It also controls oestrogen secretion, where it rises during the first half of the menstrual cycle, and decreases after ovulation. This test helps to identify irregular menstrual periods, as well as women who are struggling to get pregnant, going through menopause, or have symptoms of ovarian disease. In men, the hormones testosterone and inhibin control FSH production. It stimulates sperm production and testicular growth and can help to identify symptoms of testicular disease.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
LH
Luteinizing hormone - is one of the main hormones that plays a major role in controlling the reproductive system in both men and women. In men, LH signals the testes to produce testosterone, which in turn, stimulates sperm production. In women, LH performs different roles at different stages of the menstrual cycle. Initially to produce the female sex hormone estradiol. Latterly LH stimulates the production of progesterone, which is required to support the early stages of pregnancy, if fertilization occurs. Used in the assessment of amenorrhea, irregular menstrual periods infertility, lack of ovulation, and identify polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Prolactin
Prolactin is a hormone produced in the pituitary gland, and plays a key role in fertility, reproduction, and the stimulation of breast milk production. It is also involved in regulating the immune system, suppressing the stress response, creating and activating new neurons, and stimulating motherly (maternal) behaviour. Men and non-pregnant women generally have low levels of prolactin. In women, prolactin tests help diagnose the causes of absent or irregular menstruation, spontaneous or abnormal breast milk flow or other unexplained discharges. In men, they can help diagnose erectile dysfunction or loss of sex drive (libido).
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Vitamin D3 (25 OH)
A measure of the level of 25 (OH) D in the blood. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, brain health and immune function. Levels may indicate a deficiency due to inadequate exposure to sunlight, genetics, insufficient dietary intake, or toxicity due to excessive supplementation; and can be associated with risks of Cancer, Hypertension, chronic pain and inflammation, Diabetes and Depression.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Vitamin B12
A measure of the total amount of B12 in the serum. B12 is essential in methylation, important for the nervous system and for red blood cell production. Levels may indicate low dietary intake, malabsorption, Hypochlorhydria, autoimmunity, Anaemia or excessive alcohol intake
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Folate Serum
A measure of the total amount of folate in the serum. Folate is needed to make red and white blood cells in the bone marrow, convert carbohydrates into energy, and produce DNA and RNA. Adequate intake is extremely important during periods of rapid growth such as pregnancy, infancy, and adolescence. Levels may indicate dietary insufficiency, malabsorption or anaemia, methylation status, anaemia. Consider links to biopterin pathways and links to neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin etc.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Sex Hormone Binding globulin
This protein is produced by the liver, controlled by sex hormones, thyroid hormones, insulin, and dietary factors and binds to sex hormones - testosterone, DHT (dihydrotestosterone), and oestrogen (estradiol). It helps transport them in the blood. SHBG levels, which change with age, vary between men and women, and can help control the levels of androgens and oestrogens in the body. It can help to determine testosterone levels in the blood, since around 40-60% of total testosterone is bound to SHBG in men.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
DHEA-sulphate
The hormone Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an important precursor to hormones such as the sex hormones progesterone, testosterone and the oestrogens. It is produced predominantly in the adrenal glands and is involved in the Fight or Flight stress response to resume a calm state after perceived danger/stress has passed. As the most abundant circulating steroid in the body, it has an influence on over 150 known repair functions in both the body and brain. Increased or decreased levels may lead to many common conditions in the endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, hormonal, and nervous systems.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Thyroid peroxidase antibody
Also known as TPO. TPO is a thyroid gland produced enzyme that attaches the Iodine molecule to tyrosine to make T4. Levels are used to determine an autoimmune thyroid condition - Hashimoto’s.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Thyroglobulin Abs
Also known as TG Abs. Used to determine if there is a thyroid autoimmune dysfunction ie Hashimoto’s (Hypo) or Graves (hyper) where the thyroglobulin in the thyroid is attacked.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Cortisol Serum am
Known as ‘the stress hormone’ this steroid hormone plays an essential role in helping the body respond to stress, and regulates a wide range of body processes, including metabolism and immune response. This test helps identify degrees of stress levels, diagnose adrenal glands dysfunction, and disorders such as underactive, or damaged adrenal glands due to insufficient or excessive cortisol production.
See full descriptionKey Biomarker
Ferritin
A measure of the amount of iron stored in the body. The most sensitive test to assess iron deficiency. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, excess iron intake, inflammation, oxidative stress, liver dysfunction, excessive blood loss or iron deficiency anaemia.
See full description
Blood Chemistry
Blood Chemistry
Basophils %
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that alerts the body to infection by secreting immune substances that influence inflammation and coagulation. In tissues they are referred to as mast cells. These specialised immune cells play an important role in inflammation and prevention of clotting in inflamed tissues. Levels may indicate inflammation, intestinal parasites, infection, endocrine dysfunction or hypothyroidism.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Basophils No
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that alerts the body to infection by secreting immune substances that influence inflammation and coagulation. In tissues they are referred to as mast cells. These specialised immune cells play an important role in inflammation and prevention of clotting in inflamed tissues. Levels may indicate inflammation, intestinal parasites, infection, endocrine dysfunction, or hypothyroidism.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Eosinophils %
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that secretes important immune substances that influence the inflammatory response. These specialised immune cells are primarily involved in allergic reactions and in host defense against parasitic infection. Levels may indicate intestinal parasites, food/environmental allergies or sensitivities, chronic stress or atopic conditions.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Eosinophils No
A type of white blood cell (granulocyte) that secretes important immune substances that influence the inflammatory response. These specialised immune cells are primarily involved in allergic reactions and in host defense against parasitic infection. Levels may indicate intestinal parasites, food/environmental allergies or sensitivities, chronic stress or atopic conditions.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Haematocrit
A measure of the percentage of blood volume that consists of red blood cells in a given percentage of centrifuged red blood. Levels may indicate dehydration, malabsorption, asthma, adrenal dysfunction, blood loss, gastric inflammation, thymus hypofunction, liver disease, hypothyroidism, or nutrient deficiencies or anaemia from iron, B12, Folate, B6, and need for Vitamin C.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Haemoglobin
An iron-containing metalloprotein that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Levels may indicate anaemia from Iron, Copper, B6, Folate, dehydration, poor oxygen deliverability, adrenal dysfunction, blood loss, gastric inflammation, intestinal parasites, malabsorption.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Lymphocytes %
A group of specialised immune cells consisting of B cells, T cells and NK cells that work together to defend the body against pathogens and cancer cells. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infection, inflammation, toxicity, oxidative stress, anaemia, hypothyroidism, asthma or chronic stress.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Lymphocytes No
A group of specialised immune cells consisting of B cells, T cells and NK cells that work together to defend the body against pathogens and cancer cells. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infection, inflammation, toxicity, oxidative stress, anaemia, hypothyroidism, asthma or chronic stress.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
MCH – Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin
MCH is a measure of the average weight of haemoglobin per red blood cell. Levels may indicate hypochlorhydria, heavy metals, blood loss, anaemia, nutrient deficiencies or alcohol consumption, need for B12, Folate, B6, Iron, Vitamin C.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
MCHC – Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration
MCHC is a measure of the average concentration of haemoglobin in red blood cells. Levels may indicate hypochlorhydria, heavy metals, blood loss, anaemia, nutrient deficiencies or alcohol consumption. Need for B12, Folate, B6, Iron.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
MCV – Mean Corpuscular Volume
Mean Corpuscular Volume is an estimate of the average size (volume) of red blood cells. Levels may indicate hypochlorhydria, heavy metals, blood loss, anaemia, nutrient deficiencies or alcohol consumption. Need for B12, Folate, B6, Iron, Vitamin C.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Monocytes %
Phagocytic cells that are part of the body’s second line of defense against infection. These are the precursor to macrophages. These specialised cells travel to the site of infection to destroy cancer cells, pathogens and remove dead cells or damaged tissue. Levels may indicate the late stages of an infection, intestinal parasites, liver dysfunction or BPH.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Monocytes No
Phagocytic cells that are part of the body’s second line of defense against infection. These are the precursor to macrophages. These specialised cells travel to the site of infection to destroy cancer cells, pathogens and remove dead cells or damaged tissue. Levels may indicate the late stages of an infection, intestinal parasites, liver dysfunction or BPH.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
MPV (Mean Platelet Volume)
A measure of the average size of platelets in the blood. Levels may indicate increased platelet production, vascular disease, certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, aplastic anaemia or cytotoxic drug therapy.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio
Used to identify viral and bacterial infection. Also used to identify inflammatory processes and metabolic dysfunctions occurring in the body.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Neutrophils %
The most abundant white blood cell in the body responsible for neutralising pathogens via phagocytosis and unlike other granulocytes, can travel through tight junctions that line blood vessel walls to enter tissues. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infections, intestinal parasites, chronic stress or inflammation.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Neutrophils No
The most abundant white blood cell in the body responsible for neutralising pathogens via phagocytosis and unlike other granulocytes, can travel through tight junctions that line blood vessel walls to enter tissues. Levels may indicate acute or chronic viral or bacterial infections, intestinal parasites, chronic stress or inflammation.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
Platelets
Small, anucleated cell fragments involved in clotting, vascular integrity and vasoconstriction. Levels may indicate atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, heavy metals, infection, several types of anaemia, blood loss or certain cancers.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
RBC’s
A measure of the amount of RBC’s within the blood. RBC’s carry oxygen from the lungs to bodily tissues and transfer carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. Levels may indicate nutrient deficiencies including Vitamins C, B12 and folate, anaemia ie B12, iron, Folate, Copper, dehydration and stress.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
RDW
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a measure of the amount of variation in the size of red blood cells. Levels may indicate malabsorption, nutrient deficiencies including Iron, B12 and folate, anaemia, intestinal bleeding, inflammation.
See full descriptionBlood Chemistry
WBC’s
A measure of total white blood cells in the blood. White blood cells are specialised cells of the immune system that fight infection and defend against pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and parasites. They also produce antibodies and memory cells to create immunity against future infection. Levels can indicate chronic viral or bacterial infection. Pancreatic insufficiency, stress.
See full descriptionEnzymes
Enzymes
Amylase
A digestive enzyme produced in the salivary glands and the pancreas that helps the body to digest and absorb carbohydrates. Levels may indicate pancreatic insufficiency, digestive dysfunction, pancreatitis.
See full descriptionEnzymes
Lipase
A digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps the body to digest and absorb fats. Levels may indicate pancreatitis, pancreatic sufficiency, gallbladder dysfunction, kidney disease or peptic ulcers.
See full descriptionHormones
Hormones
Cortisol Serum am
Known as ‘the stress hormone’ this steroid hormone plays an essential role in helping the body respond to stress, and regulates a wide range of body processes, including metabolism and immune response. This test helps identify degrees of stress levels, diagnose adrenal glands dysfunction, and disorders such as underactive, or damaged adrenal glands due to insufficient or excessive cortisol production.
See full descriptionHormones
DHEA-sulphate
The hormone Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an important precursor to hormones such as the sex hormones progesterone, testosterone and the oestrogens. It is produced predominantly in the adrenal glands and is involved in the Fight or Flight stress response to resume a calm state after perceived danger/stress has passed. As the most abundant circulating steroid in the body, it has an influence on over 150 known repair functions in both the body and brain. Increased or decreased levels may…
See full descriptionHormones
Estradiol E2
Synthesised from cholesterol, this steroid hormone is produced in the ovaries of premenopausal women, where it acts as a powerful reproductive hormone and is highest during ovulation and lowest during menstruation. As the main hormone of the three naturally produced oestrogens, it is also produced in the testes of men, but in smaller amounts. In both sexes, oestradiol is made in significantly reduced amounts by the brain, fat tissue, and in the walls of the blood vessels.
See full descriptionHormones
FSH
Controlled by hormones produced in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and ovaries or testes. FSH regulates various hormonal functions in men and women, where insufficient levels in either sex can give rise to infertility. It also controls oestrogen secretion, where it rises during the first half of the menstrual cycle, and decreases after ovulation. This test helps to identify irregular menstrual periods, as well as women who are struggling to get pregnant, going through menopause, or have…
See full descriptionHormones
LH
Luteinizing hormone – is one of the main hormones that plays a major role in controlling the reproductive system in both men and women. In men, LH signals the testes to produce testosterone, which in turn, stimulates sperm production. In women, LH performs different roles at different stages of the menstrual cycle. Initially to produce the female sex hormone estradiol. Latterly LH stimulates the production of progesterone, which is required to support the early stages of pregnancy, if…
See full descriptionHormones
Progesterone
Progesterone is a steroid hormone released in the ovary. In women, it plays important roles in regulating the menstrual cycle and reproduction, by helping to prepare the body for pregnancy, and maintain the early stages of pregnancy. In men, progesterone is involved in the development of sperm, and is produced at a much lower level than in women. It can help diagnose a failing pregnancy, determine the cause of infertility, or diagnose the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding, as well as adrenal…
See full descriptionHormones
Prolactin
Prolactin is a hormone produced in the pituitary gland, and plays a key role in fertility, reproduction, and the stimulation of breast milk production. It is also involved in regulating the immune system, suppressing the stress response, creating and activating new neurons, and stimulating motherly (maternal) behaviour. Men and non-pregnant women generally have low levels of prolactin. In women, prolactin tests help diagnose the causes of absent or irregular menstruation, spontaneous or…
See full descriptionHormones
Sex Hormone Binding globulin
This protein is produced by the liver, controlled by sex hormones, thyroid hormones, insulin, and dietary factors and binds to sex hormones – testosterone, DHT (dihydrotestosterone), and oestrogen (estradiol). It helps transport them in the blood. SHBG levels, which change with age, vary between men and women, and can help control the levels of androgens and oestrogens in the body. It can help to determine testosterone levels in the blood, since around 40-60% of total testosterone is bound to…
See full descriptionHormones
Testosterone Total
This test measures the amount of both testosterones bound to proteins (sex hormone-binding globulin and albumin) and free (not bound to any proteins) testosterone in the blood. Testosterone is a hormone mainly produced by the testes in men, or ovaries in women. Testosterone’s diverse range of effects on many different organs and tissues includes bone health building and maintaining muscle mass and strength; increasing lean body mass and fat loss; increasing red blood cell production; …
See full descriptionInflammation
Inflammation
CRP
A measure of a liver produced protein that increases with inflammation. It may also increase following infection, a heart attack, surgery or trauma. Levels may indicate acute inflammation, and diets with too much fat or high GI carbohydrates.
See full descriptionInflammation
ESR
The rate of sedimentation of red blood cells in anti-coagulated blood in one hour. Levels may indicate tissue destruction, inflammation, and may indicate in certain cases presence of pathogens.
See full descriptionInflammation
HsCRP
A highly sensitive measure of CRP, a protein in the blood that increases with inflammation.
See full descriptionIron
Iron
Ferritin
A measure of the amount of iron stored in the body. The most sensitive test to assess iron deficiency. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, excess iron intake, inflammation, oxidative stress, liver dysfunction, excessive blood loss or iron deficiency anaemia.
See full descriptionIron
Total Iron Binding Capacity
An estimation of the iron-binding capacity of transferrin. Levels may indicate iron deficiency anaemia, internal blood loss, haemochromatosis, protein malnutrition or malabsorption, pregnancy, chronic infection or liver dysfunction.
See full descriptionIron
Transferrin
A measure of the protein in the blood that binds to iron and transports it through the body. Levels may indicate iron deficiency anaemia, infection, protein malnutrition or malabsorption. Produced in the liver levels can indicate iron capacity, inflammation as well as liver function.
See full descriptionIron
Transferrin Saturation %
A measure of how much serum iron is bound to transferrin. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, nutrient deficiency anaemias, tissue inflammation, protein malnutrition or malabsorption.
See full descriptionIron
UIBC
A measure of the portion of iron binding sites on transferrin that are not occupied by iron. UIBC is often measured along with iron and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) to determine various iron disorders. Levels may indicate haemochromatosis, poor iron intake, blood loss or pregnancy, hypochlorhydria, cobalamin deficiency.
See full descriptionKidney Function
Kidney Function
Creatinine
A byproduct generated from normal muscle metabolism through the action of creatine kinase on creatine the muscle fuel. It is filtered through the kidneys for excretion in the urine. Levels may indicate kidney dysfunction, dehydration, excessive muscle breakdown, increased muscle mass, prostate dysfunction, hyperthyroidism and potential methylation issues.
See full descriptionKidney Function
eGFR
A calculated estimate of kidney glomerular filtration rate function. Subject to age gender, race and creatinine levels in the blood. Levels may indicate kidney dysfunction.
See full descriptionKidney Function
Urea
A waste product generated in the liver due to the breakdown of dietary protein; it is filtered through the kidneys for excretion in the urine. Levels may indicate dehydration, malabsorption, pancreatic insufficiency, hypochlorhydria, kidney dysfunction, high protein intake, fatty liver, catabolic stress (adrenal), inadequate protein intake or protein malabsorption, liver disease, also consider increased need to excrete ammonia and consider pathogens.
See full descriptionKidney Function
Urea / Creatinine Ratio
A measure of the ratio between BUN and Creatinine levels in the blood and is used to assess renal function.
See full descriptionLipids
Lipids
Cholesterol Total
A steroid found in all cells and plasma. Cholesterol is an essential lipid that is obtained through diet and produced in the liver. It is essential for life but can be harmful if levels are too high. It helps to form cell membranes and is used in the production of hormones, vitamin D and bile salts. Levels may indicate oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, blood glucose dysregulation, poor thyroid function, magnesium deficiency, dehydration, liver or kidney dysfunction or familial…
See full descriptionLipids
Cholesterol/HDL Ratio
A better marker to assess CVD risk than cholesterol in its own.
See full descriptionLipids
HDL cholesterol
A measure of a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the bloodstream to the liver to be excreted in bile; HDL transports cholesterol to the adrenals, ovaries and testes where it is converted into steroid hormones. HDL is considered beneficial. Levels may indicate cardiovascular disease., autoimmune processes, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver etc.
See full descriptionLipids
LDL Cholesterol
A measure of a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the liver to various tissues in the body. Elevated levels can cause fatty deposits to accumulate in the arteries increasing the risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Levels are measured to assess risks of the aforementioned as well as metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and fatty liver.
See full descriptionLipids
Non-HDL Cholesterol
Used as a CVD risk assessor. This measure the level of cholesterol that is not carried HDL. Levels can indicate an increased CBD risk, oxidative stress , fatty liver, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, poor dietary regimes.
See full descriptionLipids
Triglycerides
A type of lipid primarily obtained through diet and from the conversion of excess dietary calories into fat for storage. Levels may indicate excess CHO intake and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, biliary and liver dysfunction, autoimmune processes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, poor fat processing, hypo and hyper-thryoidism.
See full descriptionLipids
Triglycerides / HDL ratio
Used in identifying trends to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes and risks of CVD.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Liver & Gallbladder
ALP
A zinc dependent enzyme, the major function of Alkaline Phosphatase, is to protect your intestinal tract against bacteria, aid in digestion, breakdown fats and some B vitamins, and promote bone formation. As its name suggests it depends on an alkaline environment and is found in all tissues in the human body, but mostly in bones, kidneys, liver, intestines, and placenta. Levels are used to assess zinc need, liver function, Vitamin C need or biliary obstruction as well as bone turnover.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
ALT
An enzyme found primarily in the liver, with small amounts in the heart, muscles, and kidneys. Levels may indicate liver disease, biliary issues, pancreatitis or alcoholism, fatty liver, need for B6.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
AST
An intracellular enzyme found primarily in the liver and heart and to a lesser extent in skeletal muscle, kidneys and lungs. It is released into the bloodstream due to cellular or tissue damage. Levels may indicate cardiovascular disease, liver disease, alcoholism, hypothyroidism, viral infection with EBV or CMV, muscle injury or acute pancreatitis, need for B6.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
AST:ALT Ratio
Assess liver function and progression of liver disease. Levels are used to assess Vitamin B6 sufficiency, liver dysfunction, muscle damage biliary obstruction, alcoholic liver disease, also consider hepatitis, insulin resistance, NAFLD.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Bilirubin Direct
A measure of bilirubin that has been conjugated ie. made water soluble in the liver so it can be excreted in the bile. Levels may indicate liver dysfunction or biliary tract obstruction.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Bilirubin indirect
A measure of the protein (albumin) bound bilirubin that circulates in the blood on its way to the liver, from the breakdown of red blood cells Levels may indicate increased red blood cell destruction. (haemolysis) and Gilbert’s Syndrome.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Bilirubin Total
A marker comprising the total of direct (conjugated) and indirect bilirubin. Formed from the breakdown of haemoglobin from red blood cells at the spleen and bone marrow. May be elevated due to excess red blood cell destruction, liver dysfunction, oxidative stress bile duct obstruction, Gilbert’s Syndrome or zinc deficiency, oxidative stress, heavy metal load.
See full descriptionLiver & Gallbladder
Gamma GT / GGT
An enzyme mainly found in the liver. Some production from kidney, prostate and pancreas, Levels may indicate liver or biliary obstruction, alcohol excessive use, Pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, need for Vitamin B6 and magnesium
See full descriptionMetabolic
Metabolic
Creatine Kinase
Groups of enzymes that play a large role in energy production and found in tissues that use lots of energy i.e. heart, skeletal muscle and the brain. Levels are used to assess damage from the heart (MI), skeletal muscle damage and breakdown, brain damage, and muscle atrophy
See full descriptionMetabolic
Uric Acid
Produced as the end product of purine breakdown. It is predominantly excreted via the kidneys Failure to excrete or overproduction can be implicated in kidney stones and gout. Used in assessing risks of gout atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, arthritis, kidney function, intestinal permeability, methylation function, detoxification issues.
See full descriptionProteins
Proteins
Albumin
The most abundant plasma protein in serum produced by the liver. It contributes to plasma osmotic gradient, transports nutrients, hormones and other substances in the blood and is needed for tissue maintenance and repair. Levels may indicate dehydration, hydrochloric acid insufficiency, oxidative stress, free radical activity, Vitamin C need, infection, inflammation, liver, or kidney disease.
See full descriptionProteins
Albumin/Globulin Ratio
A measure of the ratio of albumin to globulin in the blood. Levels may indicate dehydration, liver or kidney dysfunction, hypothyroidism, adrenal dysfunction, or immune activation, can also be considered in assessing a hyper coagulative state “sticky blood”.
See full descriptionProteins
Globulin
A plasma protein with different subtypes produced by the liver and immune system. Some transport nutrients and some, called Immunoglobulins, help to fight infection. Levels may indicate digestive inflammation, immune insufficiency, Gastritis, Cancer, liver damage, heavy metals, chemical toxicity, immune activation including parasites, elevated oestrogen, Haemolytic Anaemia.
See full descriptionProteins
Total Protein
The sum of total proteins, ie. comprised of albumin and globulin totals in the blood. Levels may indicate dehydration, malnutrition, amino acid need, inflammatory conditions, hypochlorhydria, kidney or liver disease.
See full descriptionSugars
Sugars
ALT:AST ratio
To assist in the evaluation of trends to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Levels are used to indicate ageing, metabolic health, insulin resistance, NAFLD metabolic syndrome CVD risk and trends.
See full descriptionSugars
Glucose
The main energy source of the body. Controlled by hormones including Insulin and Glucagon. Poorly controlled levels are associated with Diabetes, insulin resistance. Inflammatory processes including Metabolic Syndrome and Hypoglycaemia.
See full descriptionSugars
HBA1C
Haemoglobin A1C measures the amount of glucose that combines with Haemoglobin (glycosylation) over the life of the red blood cells i.e. approximately 90 days. Levels therefore can identify long term glucose management and control as well as Hypoglycaemia. Unlike a fasting glucose test this marker does require fasting.
See full descriptionThyroid
Thyroid
Free t3
The portion of triiodothyronine (T3) that is not bound and represents approximately 10% of circulating T3 in the blood. T3 is converted from T4 and the majority occurs in the liver and kidneys. The conversion process is dependent on Selenium and bile levels. Levels can be used to assess Hypo and hyper thyroid status, T4 to T4 conversion efficacy, Selenium sufficiency, and Iodine sufficiency.
See full descriptionThyroid
Free t4
Less than 0.05% of Total Thyroxine (T4) is free or unbound. The hormone is made in the thyroid gland and is the precursor to T3. Production of T4 is dependent on levels of iodine, co factors like B6, Biopterin, Copper, Zinc, Vitamins B2, B3 and A. Considered by mainstream when combined with TSH to be the gold standard for assessing thyroid function., Levels are assessed to identify thyroid status (hypo and hyper), Iodine sufficiency as well as protein status and liver function.
See full descriptionThyroid
Thyroglobulin Abs
Also known as TG Abs. Used to determine if there is a thyroid autoimmune dysfunction ie Hashimoto’s (Hypo) or Graves (hyper) where the thyroglobulin in the thyroid is attacked.
See full descriptionThyroid
Thyroid peroxidase antibody
Also known as TPO. TPO is a thyroid gland produced enzyme that attaches the Iodine molecule to tyrosine to make T4. Levels are used to determine an autoimmune thyroid condition – Hashimoto’s.
See full descriptionThyroid
TSH
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and levels are based on a negative feedback loop to signal to the thyroid gland whether to release more Thyroxine or stop releasing. Conventionally along with free T4 the combination is considered the gold standard for assessing thyroid status. Levels are also affected by heavy metal burdens including Aluminium.
See full descriptionVitamins
Vitamins
Folate Serum
A measure of the total amount of folate in the serum. Folate is needed to make red and white blood cells in the bone marrow, convert carbohydrates into energy, and produce DNA and RNA. Adequate intake is extremely important during periods of rapid growth such as pregnancy, infancy, and adolescence. Levels may indicate dietary insufficiency, malabsorption or anaemia, methylation status, anaemia. Consider links to biopterin pathways and links to neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin etc.
See full descriptionVitamins
Vitamin B12
A measure of the total amount of B12 in the serum. B12 is essential in methylation, important for the nervous system and for red blood cell production. Levels may indicate low dietary intake, malabsorption, Hypochlorhydria, autoimmunity, Anaemia or excessive alcohol intake
See full descriptionVitamins
Vitamin D3 (25 OH)
A measure of the level of 25 (OH) D in the blood. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, brain health and immune function. Levels may indicate a deficiency due to inadequate exposure to sunlight, genetics, insufficient dietary intake, or toxicity due to excessive supplementation; and can be associated with risks of Cancer, Hypertension, chronic pain and inflammation, Diabetes and Depression.
See full descriptionTest guidelines: Fasting blood test in the morning. Non-Centrifuge blood draw required. Test kit instructions can be found here